competition可数吗（match suit fit区别）
particular________(interesting)to
scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(环形山)．
解析：考查名词。句意：月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。根据空前的形容词particular可知，空处应填名词，interest是不可数名词，be of interest to sb意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。故填interest。
答案：interest
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ·语法填空)Chinese New Year is a________(celebrate)marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.
解析：考查名词。句意：不定冠词a后接名词形式。故填celebration。
答案：celebration
3．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ·语法填空)Filled with________(curious)，the artist packed his bags and left.
解析：考查名词。句意：怀着好奇心，艺术家收拾行囊离开了。with为介词，后跟名词curiosity作宾语，表示“好奇心”。故填curiosity。
答案：curiosity
4．[2020·新高考卷Ⅰ(山东卷)·语法填空]Historical________(accurate)is important but so is
entertainment.
解析：考查名词。句意：历史的准确性很重要，但娱乐也很重要。此处做主语，位于形容词
historical之后，应使用名词，意为“历史的准确性”。故填accuracy。
答案：accuracy
5．(2020·浙江卷·语法填空)Later，they learned to work with the________(season)，planting at
the right time and，in dry areas，making use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.
解析：考查名词复数。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，提示词的词性为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填seasons。
答案：seasons
6．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ·语法填空)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in
2014 that/which showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart
disease and early deaths from all________(cause)．
解析：考查名词复数。一项研究表明，仅仅每天5到10分钟的跑步，就能减少各种原因的心脏病和早亡。根椐句意可知用复数形式。故填causes。
答案：causes
7．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ·语法填空)My name is Mireya Mayor.I’m a________(science)who studies
animals such as apes and monkeys.
解析：根据句意可知，我是一名科学家。scientist“科学家”。
答案：scientist
8．(2018·浙江卷·语法填空)Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook.Making Chinese________(dish)is seen as especially troublesome.
解析：考查名词。此处指中国菜，表示泛指应该用名词复数，故填dishes。
答案：dishes
9．(2018·浙江卷·语法填空)Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the
increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in________(weigh)problems.
解析：考查名词。此处指体重问题，用名词修饰problems，故填weight。
答案：weight
10．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ·语法填空)It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible________(crowd)on the roads above as they travelled to and from work.
解析：考查名词复数。因为crowd为可数名词，并且其前没有限定词，所以此处用其复数形式。
答案：crowds
名词判定方法“两步走”
第一步 定词性
(1)根据题干的语法结构，特别是设空处前的限定词判断词性：冠词、代词、数词、量词、形容词和介词后应接名词形式。
(2)根据句法结构判断词性：如果所填词在句中作主语、宾语、同位语时，一般用所给词的名词形式。
第二步 定形式
确定词性为名词后，根据常用的前后缀将所给词转换成适当的形式；然后再根据名词本身确定可数与不可数，如果名词可数，则需根据其前限定词及谓语动词的形式来确定名词的单复数形式。
[语法填空典例] By taking part in these activities，students show their special talents，their________(able)to get on well with others.
分析：形容词性物主代词后应接名词形式ability，且ability作“能力”讲时是不可数名词，因此填
ability。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1．(2020·河南洛阳期中考试)So far modern________(platform)have taken the place of traditional focuses with a wider range of creative enterprises from smart infrastructure construction to design and robots.
2．(2020·安徽江淮十校二次联考)Nowadays，of course，the harmful________(effect) of both
smoking and sugary drinks have been well known.
3．(2020·河北保定摸底考试)Bringing together Western Medicine and TCM，rather than being in________(compete)，is where the potential for great effects lies.
4．(2020·海南儋州一次统测)By the time of his________(die)，he was the bestselling Chinese
author，and over 100 million copies of his works have been sold in the world.
5．(2020·吉林省吉林市一次调研)Different stages of sleep actually give you different types of
brain and body________(benefit)．
6．(2020·河北衡水中学一调)To the citizens in Hangzhou，the best part of it is that it will give us
the chance to watch worldclass matches and________(compete)close to home.
7．(2020·湖北重点高中联考协作体期中考试)How can students manage________(anxious)and
stress during exam time and still get the grades they need?
8．(2020·安徽A10联盟阶段考试)He learns what to do by reading books and computer magazines and checking out sites on the Internet about homebuilt PCs，and sites that answer________(
question)for people doing it for the first time.
9．(2020·青岛一模)They might not be used to having total________(free)in how they plan their
days and nights.
10．(2020·汉中市第一次联考)This________(lose)was very bad for the country，of course，but
it turned out to be very good for the food.
1．解析：句意：到目前为止，现代化的平台已经取代了传统中心，……。设空处作主语，根据谓语动词have taken可知设空处应为名词复数形式，故填platforms。
答案：platforms
2．解析：句意：当然，现在吸烟和含糖饮料的不良后果已经众所周知。句中谓语部分为have
been well known，故主语effect要用复数形式，故填effects。
答案：effects
3．解析：根据设空处前的介词in可知设空处需填名词，与介词in构成介词短语，根据提示词
compete可知设空处填名词competition。
答案：competition
4．解析：句意：到他去世时，在中国作家中，他的作品最为畅销，在全世界共出售了一亿多册。设空处作of的宾语，再根据设空处前的his可知设空处填名词，故答案为death。
答案：death
5．解析：句意：实际上，不同的睡眠阶段会给你的大脑和身体带来不同形式的好处。考查名词，设空处作give的宾语，需用名词形式；根据different types of可推知此处需填名词复数形式，故答案为benefits。
答案：benefits
6．解析：句意：对于杭州市民来说，最好的是它将给我们提供在家门口观看世界级比赛的机会。设空处与名词matches一起作watch的宾语，故设空处填名词，表示“比赛”；competition为可数名词，在本句中表示泛指，故填competitions。
答案：competitions
7．解析：句意：在考试期间学生如何应对焦虑和压力，并且还能得到他们需要的分数呢？根据语境可推知设空处需填名词作及物动词manage的宾语，故填anxious的名词形式anxiety。
答案：anxiety
8．解析：句意：通过阅读书籍、电脑杂志，浏览关于组装个人电脑和为第一次组装个人电脑的人答疑的网站，他学到了应该做什么。考查名词。根据常识可推知网站回答的不止一个问题，故答案为questions。
答案：questions
9．解析：total为形容词，修饰名词形式，故答案为freedom。
答案：freedom
10．解析：考查词性转换。句中This后应加名词，且loss表示损失时，为不可数名词，故此处应填loss。
